source:phyStars emit light that travels through empty space without significant attenuation. The visual signal is essentially lossless until detected. After many years and billions of kilometers, starlight-photons may eventually encounter the earth's atmosphere and be decoded as a speck in the night sky by some lucky person's retina and brain.Light emitted by a pump laser may wish for the same journey lossless, but alas. For optical circuitry essential to computing and communication, light is sent through waveguides. In a silicon waveguide the light will attenuate after a few centimete...
Release time:
2023
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source:photonicsBERLIN, April 17, 2023 — Researchers at the Max Born Institute (MBI) used x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), a technique that can be used to measure the spin and charge dynamics in multi-elemental magnetic materials, in a laser laboratory setting and performed experiments at the absorption L edges of iron at a photon energy of around 700 eV.Until now, use of XMCD in the soft x-ray range has been limited to synchrotron-radiation sources and free-electron lasers. The researchers believe that their approach could be adapted to other transition metal and rare-earth absorptio...
Release time:
2023
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source:phyScientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered new details about the electrons in a nickel-based family of superconducting materials. The research, described in two papers published in Physical Review X, reveals that these nickel-based materials have certain similarities with—and key differences from—copper-based superconductors. Comparing the two kinds of 'high-temperature' superconductors may help scientists zero in on key features essential for these materials' remarkable ability to carry electrical current withou...
Release time:
2023
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source:scitechdailyA research team has developed a technique for room-temperature all-solid-state hydride cells, which could enable advanced clean energy storage and conversion technologies. By introducing defects in the lattice structure of rare earth hydrides, the team suppressed electronic conductivity, creating pure hydride ion conductors with high conductivities in a wide temperature range.Materials that can conduct negatively charged hydrogen atoms in ambient conditions would pave the way for advanced clean energy storage and electrochemical conversion technologies.A research team from t...
Release time:
2023
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